extras的音標是[?ekstr??s]，基本翻譯是“額外的事物，加演節目；附加費用；額外工錢”，速記技巧是“extra”+“-s”合并。

extras這個詞的詞源可以追溯到拉丁語extra，意為“在…之外”或“額外的”。extras的變化形式主要有復數形式extras和過去式、過去分詞形式extruded。

相關單詞：

1. extravagant（奢侈的）：這個詞源于拉丁語extravagare，意為“溢出”，引申為“過度的，奢侈的”。

2. extraction（出身）：這個詞源于拉丁語extractionem，意為“提取，拔出”，引申為“出身，血統”。

3. extrude（推出）：這個詞源于拉丁語extrudere，意為“擠出”，引申為“推出，擠出”。

4. extra（額外）：這個詞直接來自于extras的前綴extra，意為“在…之外”。

5. extrinsic（外在的）：這個詞源于拉丁語extrinsecus，意為“從外部的”，引申為“外在的，非本質的”。

6. extraneous（無關的）：這個詞也源于拉丁語extraneus，意為“在外的”，引申為“無關的，外來的”。

7. extraversion（外傾性）：這個詞源于拉丁語extroversionem，意為“轉向外部”，引申為“外傾性”。

8. extractional（基于出身的）：這個詞由extraction派生而來，意為“基于出身的”。

9. extricability（擺脫的可能性）：這個詞由extricate派生而來，意為“擺脫的可能性”。

以上這些單詞都與extras有密切的聯系，并且都反映了人類對事物本質和特性的探索和認知過程。這些單詞在英語中廣泛使用，并且對于理解和描述各種概念和情況具有重要的作用。

extras常用短語：

1. extra expenses 額外費用

2. in addition to 除了...之外

3. additional cost 額外費用

4. extra charge 額外費用

5. beyond the call of duty 超出職責范圍之外

6. beyond the scope of one"s job 超出職責范圍之外

7. in addition to that 除此之外

例句：

1. I had to pay an extra $50 for the hotel room because it was already fully booked.

2. She was paid an additional $5,000 for her extra work on the project.

3. The extra charge for the late checkout was quite steep.

4. We have to bear in mind that beyond the call of duty, we also have to take responsibility for our actions.

5. The job was beyond the scope of my previous experience, but I managed to complete it successfully.

6. I have to apologize for any inconvenience caused by the extra delay.

7. In addition to my regular job, I also volunteer at a local charity, which has been a great way to give back to the community.

英文小作文：

When it comes to extras, we often think of additional expenses that we have to pay for, such as additional fees for services or goods that are not included in our original plan. However, extras can also be something that are beyond the call of duty or beyond the scope of our job, which can be a challenge to handle effectively.

For me, extras have always been a reminder of the unexpected challenges that we encounter in life, and how we need to be flexible and resourceful to overcome them. Sometimes, we may have to make adjustments to our schedule or budget to accommodate these extras, but in the end, it can be a valuable experience that teaches us resilience and perseverance.

On the other hand, extras can also be a chance for us to be more than just a regular employee or volunteer, and to make a difference in the lives of others through extra effort and dedication. Whether it"s helping someone in need or contributing to a cause that is close to our heart, extras can be a way for us to make a real difference in someone else"s life.

In conclusion, extras can be a mixed bag of challenges and opportunities, but they are an integral part of life that teach us valuable lessons about resilience, resourcefulness, and compassion. By embracing extras with an open mind and an attitude of gratitude, we can turn them into opportunities for growth and inspiration.