coarsen的音標為[k???s??n]，基本翻譯為“變粗糙；變粗俗”，速記技巧為：“coarse”是形容詞，表示“粗糙的；粗俗的”。

coarsen這個詞的詞源可以追溯到古英語中的“coar”，意為粗糙或粗略。它的變化形式包括過去式“coarsened”、過去分詞“coarsened”和現在分詞“coarsening”。

相關單詞：

coarse：粗糙的，粗略的

rough：粗糙的，粗略的

coarseness：粗糙，粗略

coarseclay：粗粘土

coarsenup：使變粗糙

coarsely：粗糙地，粗略地

coarsegrained：顆粒粗大的

coarse-grinding：細磨

coarseningsolution：粗糙化溶液

coarseningprocess：粗糙化過程

以上這些單詞都與coarsen這個詞有直接或間接的關系，描述了不同程度和形式的粗糙或粗略。這些單詞在描述物質性質、化學過程和工程應用等方面都有廣泛的應用。

常用短語：

1. coarsen one"s image

2. coarsen one"s taste

3. coarsen the texture

4. coarsen the environment

5. coarsen the mood

6. coarsen the atmosphere

7. coarsen the social environment

例句：

1. The continuous exposure to vulgarity has coarsened his image.

2. The poor diet has coarsened his taste.

3. The harsh environment has coarsened the texture of the landscape.

4. The noisy environment has coarsened my mood.

5. The unpleasant atmosphere has coarsened our relationship.

6. The unhealthy social environment has led to a decline in moral standards.

7. The coarse language used in public places has damaged the social environment.

英文小作文：

Coarseness in Society

Coarseness is a widespread problem in modern society, which has a negative impact on our lives and social environment. From the food we eat to the language we use, from the music we listen to to the way we behave, coarseness can be seen everywhere. It has a negative impact on our mental health, social relationships, and even our physical health.

In order to improve the situation, we need to start from ourselves and make a conscious effort to avoid using coarse language and other behaviors that may make others feel uncomfortable or offended. We should also promote positive values and encourage people to adopt more polite and respectful behaviors, which will help create a more harmonious and civilized society. In addition, laws and regulations should be strengthened to protect the rights and interests of individuals and society as a whole, and harsh punishment should be imposed on those who intentionally cause harm to others.