"ext"的音標為/ekst/，基本翻譯為"extensive"（廣闊的，廣泛的）或"extra"（額外的）等。速記技巧可以考慮使用縮寫形式，如"e.t."。

請注意，以上內容僅為一般性討論，具體語境下需要根據上下文理解。

以下是十個英文單詞及其詞源、變化形式和相關單詞的解釋，供您參考：

1. "extensive"（廣泛的）：詞源為拉丁語“extensus”，意為伸展、擴展。變化形式為“extensio”和“extensive”，相關單詞有“extensive reading”（廣泛閱讀）、“extensive knowledge”（廣泛的知識）。

2. "extinct"（熄滅的）：詞源為拉丁語“extinguere”，意為熄滅、滅絕。變化形式為“extinguished”和“extinction”，相關單詞有“extinct species”（滅絕物種）、“extinct volcano”（熄滅的火山）。

3. "extreme"（極端的）：詞源為拉丁語“extra”，意為超出、之外，加上“merum”意為純粹的，組合起來表示超出常規的。變化形式為“extremity”和“extremism”，相關單詞有“extreme weather”（極端天氣）、“extreme measures”（極端措施）。

4. "extend"（延伸）：詞源為拉丁語“extendere”，意為伸展、擴展。變化形式為“extended”和“extension”，相關單詞有“extended family”（大家庭）、“extension line”（擴展線路）。

5. "exterior"（外部的）：詞源為拉丁語“exterius”，意為外部的、外面的。變化形式為“exteriority”和“externity”，相關單詞有“exterior surface”（外部表面）、“exterior wall”（外墻）。

6. "extract"（提取）：詞源為拉丁語“extractus”，意為提取、拔出。變化形式為“extracted”和“extraction”，相關單詞有“extractive industry”（采掘業）、“extractive resources”（可采掘資源）。

7. "extraordinary"（非凡的）：詞源為拉丁語“extraordinarius”，意為超出常規的、非凡的。變化形式為“extraordinary event”（非凡事件）、“extraordinary ability”（非凡的能力）。

8. "extreme"（極端的）：詞源為古英語，意為"out of the way"，表示遠離中心的、偏遠的。變化形式為"extremity"（極端），相關單詞有"extreme weather"（極端天氣）、"extreme measures"（極端措施）。

9. "extremely"（非常）：詞源同上，表示程度極深。相關單詞有"extremely hot"（非常熱）等。

10. "extensive"（廣泛的）：詞源同上，表示范圍廣大的。相關單詞有"extensive reading"（廣泛閱讀）等。

以上十個單詞及其詞源、變化形式和相關單詞的解釋可以幫助您更好地理解和使用這些詞匯。

常用短語：

1. extend an invitation

邀請某人

例句：He extended an invitation to his friends to attend his birthday party.

2. extensive knowledge

廣泛的知識

例句：He has extensive knowledge of history and literature.

3. extreme measures

極端措施

例句：We have to take extreme measures to solve this problem.

4. extinguish a fire

撲滅火災

例句：The firefighters quickly extinguished the fire in the warehouse.

5. extremely cold

極冷

例句：It"s extremely cold outside, so be sure to wear a warm coat.

6. extensive reading

廣泛閱讀

例句：I enjoy extensive reading and find it very enrichening.

7. extreme fatigue

極度疲勞

例句：After a long day of work, I feel extreme fatigue in my body.

英文小作文：

The importance of exercise and healthy eating habits

Exercise and healthy eating habits are essential for maintaining good health and well-being. Regular exercise helps us maintain a healthy weight, improves cardiovascular health, and reduces stress and anxiety. On the other hand, healthy eating habits are crucial for providing our bodies with the nutrients they need to function properly. Eating a balanced diet that includes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean protein, and healthy fats can help us maintain a strong immune system and reduce the risk of chronic diseases like diabetes and heart disease. In addition to the benefits of exercise and healthy eating, they also contribute to our overall quality of life and happiness. Regular exercise and healthy eating habits can help us feel more energetic and productive, which can lead to better work performance and increased happiness in our personal lives. Therefore, it is essential to make time for exercise and healthy eating habits in our busy schedules, as they can have a profound impact on our overall well-being and quality of life.