"berates" 的音標(biāo)為[b??re?ts] ，基本翻譯為"責(zé)備，譴責(zé)；批評(píng)"；速記技巧為：berate sb (責(zé)備某人) 。

Berates這個(gè)詞的詞源可以追溯到古英語(yǔ)單詞beorhtan，意為“譴責(zé)，指責(zé)”。它的詞形變化形式包括復(fù)數(shù)形式berates，過(guò)去式berated，現(xiàn)在分詞berating。

相關(guān)單詞：

1. berate - 譴責(zé)，指責(zé)。這個(gè)詞通常用于表達(dá)對(duì)某人行為的強(qiáng)烈不滿(mǎn)或批評(píng)。

2. rebuke - 譴責(zé)，斥責(zé)。這個(gè)詞與berate相似，但通常用于更嚴(yán)肅的場(chǎng)合，表示對(duì)某人行為的嚴(yán)重警告或批評(píng)。

3. criticize - 批評(píng)，指責(zé)。這個(gè)詞的含義比berate更廣泛，不僅包括對(duì)錯(cuò)誤行為的批評(píng)，還包括對(duì)一般行為的評(píng)價(jià)和批評(píng)。

4. reproach - 責(zé)備，譴責(zé)。這個(gè)詞的含義與rebuke相似，但通常用于個(gè)人之間的責(zé)備，而不僅僅是針對(duì)某人的行為。

5. censure - 譴責(zé)，指責(zé)。這個(gè)詞的含義比譴責(zé)更嚴(yán)重，通常用于對(duì)某人的行為或行為方式進(jìn)行正式的批評(píng)或指責(zé)。

以上這些單詞都與譴責(zé)、指責(zé)、批評(píng)等含義相關(guān)，它們?cè)诓煌恼Z(yǔ)境中有著不同的使用方式和含義。這些單詞的出現(xiàn)和使用反映了人類(lèi)社會(huì)對(duì)于道德、倫理和行為規(guī)范的重視和追求。

常用短語(yǔ)：

1. berate sb. for sth. 為某事責(zé)備某人

例句：He berated himself for his mistakes.

2. berate sb. at sth. 在某事上責(zé)備某人

例句：She berated him at the party for his behavior.

3. berate sb. for doing sth. 因做某事責(zé)備某人

例句：He berated himself for being late for work.

4. berate sb. for sth. in public 當(dāng)眾責(zé)備某人

例句：He was berated for his behavior in public.

5. berate sb. for their behavior 對(duì)某人的行為進(jìn)行責(zé)備

例句：She berated her son for his rude behavior.

6. berate sb. for their mistakes 對(duì)某人的錯(cuò)誤進(jìn)行責(zé)備

例句：He berated himself for his careless mistakes.

7. berate sb. for their actions 對(duì)某人的行為進(jìn)行譴責(zé)

例句：He berated the government for their failure to protect the people.

英文小作文：

I think we should not berate ourselves for our mistakes, because it is a part of our growth and development. We should learn from our mistakes and improve ourselves, rather than blame ourselves for them. However, if we are criticized by others, we should not take it personally, but rather use it as an opportunity to learn and improve ourselves. We should always remember that we are not perfect, but we can always strive to be better and improve ourselves.