closedown的音標為：[?kl??st??n]，基本翻譯為“關閉；結束”，速記技巧為：close關閉，down結束。

"close" 的詞源可以追溯到古英語 "clys" 或 "clīc", 意為“關閉”或“封閉”。它的變化形式包括過去式 "closed", "closes", "closing", 和 "closed-off"。

相關單詞：

1. closure：這是一個名詞，意為“關閉”或“結束”。它的詞源和 "close" 有關，表示結束或終止的狀態。

2. closet：這是一個名詞，意為“小房間”或“儲藏室”。它源于中世紀英語中的 "closet"，最初是指用于存放家庭物品的小房間。

3. closely：這是一個副詞，意為“緊密地”或“密切地”。它來源于 "close" 的副詞形式，表示程度。

4. closingly：這是一個形容詞和副詞的混合形式，意為“親密地”或“密切地”。它是由 "close" 和 "-ly" 構成的形容詞和副詞形式。

5. closeness：這是一個名詞，意為“親密”或“接近”。它來源于 "close" 的形容詞形式，表示接近或親密的關系。

6. closely related：這是一個短語，意為“緊密相關的”。它是由 "close" 和 "related" 構成的短語，表示兩者之間有密切的關系。

7. closed-circuit：這是一個名詞，意為“閉路電視”。它來源于 "close" 和 "circuit"，表示電視信號的傳輸方式。

8. closing ceremony：這是一個名詞短語，意為“閉幕式”。它來源于 “closing” 和 “ceremony”，表示結束時的儀式。

9. closed-off：這是一個形容詞，意為“關閉的”或“被封閉的”。它來源于 “close” 和 “off”，表示被關閉或封閉的狀態。

10. closingly woven：這是一個形容詞短語，意為“緊密交織的”。它是由 “close” 和 “woven” 構成的形容詞短語，表示兩者之間緊密交織的關系。

以上就是一些與 "close" 相關的單詞及其詞源和變化形式。這些單詞在英語中有著豐富的含義和用法，反映了英語語言的發展和演變。

常用短語：

1. close down 關閉

2. close the door/window 關閉門/窗

3. close the window shades 拉上窗簾

4. close the gas/electricity 關閉煤氣/電源

5. close the account 關閉賬戶

6. close the deal 結束交易

7. close the factory 關閉工廠

雙語例句：

1. The factory has been closed down due to financial difficulties. （由于財政困難，工廠已經關閉。）

2. Please close the door after you leave. （離開時請關上門。）

3. Close the window shades to protect from sunlight. （請拉上窗簾以保護免受陽光照射。）

4. Turn off the lights and close the gas before you go to bed. （睡覺前請關燈并關閉煤氣。）

5. The account has been closed after many years of use. （經過多年的使用后，該賬戶已被關閉。）

6. The deal has been closed after long negotiations. （經過長時間的談判，交易已經達成。）

7. The factory will be closed for renovations next month. （下個月工廠將進行裝修，因此將關閉。）

英文小作文：

The importance of closing down properly

When we use a computer or turn off a light, we know that closing down is necessary to protect our devices and save energy. Similarly, closing down a business or company is equally important to ensure that resources are properly utilized and to protect the environment.

Businesses often face closure due to various reasons, such as financial difficulties, poor management, or market changes. Closing down a business is not an easy decision to make, but it is necessary to ensure that resources are allocated effectively and to avoid further losses.

Closing down a business involves various procedures, including negotiating with creditors and employees, transferring assets, and closing down operations. It is important to follow proper procedures and ensure that all legal obligations are met to avoid any future issues or disputes.

In conclusion, closing down a business is an essential step to ensure that resources are properly utilized and to protect the environment. Proper closure procedures should be followed to avoid any future issues or disputes, and it is always advisable to plan ahead for closure and prepare for the future accordingly.