extralinguistic的音標是[?ekstr??l??ɡw?st],基本翻譯是“超語言的”、“超語言的”、“言辭之外的”、“言語表達之外的”。速記技巧包括使用縮寫詞、使用符號和標記、使用記憶技巧等。例如,可以將“E”表示為“extra-linguistic”,“r”表示“recognition”,“s”表示“speech”,將整個詞快速記作“Ers”或“Els”。此外,還可以將音標和單詞的主要部分結合起來進行記憶。
extralinguistic這個詞的詞源可以追溯到拉丁語和希臘語,具體來說,它是由“extra”(超出,超越)和“linguistic”(語言學的)兩個部分組成的。這個詞的含義是指那些超越語言本身的特征和規則,涉及到語言使用者的社會、文化、心理等方面的因素。
以下是一些extralinguistic相關的英文詞源變化形式及相關單詞:
1. sociolinguistics:社會語言學,研究語言在社會中的使用和影響。
2. cultural linguistics:文化語言學,研究語言與文化的關系,包括語言與身份、思維模式、價值觀等方面的關系。
3. psycholinguistics:心理語言學,研究語言與人類心理過程的關系,包括語言理解、生成、記憶等方面的研究。
4. diachronic linguistics:歷時語言學,研究語言的歷史演變,包括語音、語法、詞匯等方面的變化。
5. cross-linguistic:跨語言,指不同語言之間的對比和研究,強調語言的共性和差異。
6. code-switching:代碼轉換,指在交際中同時使用兩種或多種語言或方言的現象。
7. linguistic relativity:語言相對論,指語言決定思維,不同的語言體系會導致不同的思維方式和認知模式。
8. linguistic imperialism:語言帝國主義,指強勢語言對弱勢語言的侵蝕和影響,包括語言標準化、同化、替代等現象。
9. linguistic diversity:語言多樣性,指世界上不同語言之間的差異和多樣性,包括語言的起源、發展、使用范圍等方面的特征。
10. multilingualism:多語言主義,指多種語言并存和使用的情況,包括多元文化背景下的語言政策、教育、交流等方面的實踐。
常用短語:
1. extralinguistic factors
2. linguistic competence
3. language awareness
4. cultural background
5. interpersonal communication
6. intercultural communication
7. language learning strategies
雙語例句:
1. Extralinguistic factors such as environment and experience play a crucial role in language learning. (環境與經驗等外在因素在語言學習中起著至關重要的作用。)
2. Linguistic competence refers to the ability to use language effectively, including understanding and producing language. (語言能力是指有效使用語言的能力,包括理解和產出語言。)
3. Language awareness helps us to understand the cultural differences that exist between languages and cultures. (語言意識有助于我們理解不同語言和文化之間的文化差異。)
4. Interpersonal communication is essential for effective communication, as it involves understanding and responding to the other person"s non-verbal cues such as facial expressions and body language. (人際溝通對于有效溝通至關重要,因為它涉及理解和回應對方的非言語提示,如面部表情和肢體語言。)
5. Intercultural communication requires a high level of cultural awareness and sensitivity, as well as an ability to adapt to different cultural norms and values. (跨文化溝通需要高度的文化意識和敏感性,以及適應不同文化規范和價值的能力。)
6. Language learning strategies can help us to improve our language proficiency and learning efficiency, including using technology, self-study, and group work. (語言學習策略可以幫助我們提高語言熟練度和學習效率,包括使用技術、自主學習和小組合作。)
英文小作文:
Extralinguistic Aspects of Language Learning
Language learning is not just about learning vocabulary and grammar, but also involves understanding extralinguistic aspects such as culture, environment, and experience. These factors can have a significant impact on language proficiency and communication effectiveness.
For instance, cultural background plays a crucial role in understanding language usage and social norms. Interpersonal communication, which involves understanding non-verbal cues such as facial expressions and body language, is essential for effective communication across cultures. Linguistic competence, which refers to the ability to use language effectively, including understanding and producing language, is crucial for successful language learning. Finally, language learning strategies such as using technology, self-study, and group work can help us improve our language proficiency and learning efficiency.
Therefore, it is essential to consider extralinguistic aspects of language learning when planning and executing language learning activities. By doing so, we can improve our language proficiency and communication effectiveness, while also gaining a deeper understanding of the culture and society of the target language.